Solutions From the Field

Practical Reservoir Characterization for the Independent Operator, Computer Technology for Comprehensive Reservoir Characterization

June 24-25, 2002 (Norman, OK) by PTTC's South Midcontinent Region

BOTTOM LINE

The focus of the workshop was adapting advanced reservoir characterization technologies for independents use in identifying reservoir compartments. Seismic detection and reservoir analysis, facies descriptions, borehole imaging, dipmeter logs and software analysis package technologies developed by the majors, universities and large research facilities can be understood and used cost-effectively by independent operators.

PROBLEM ADDRESSED

Volumes of research have been published on reservoir characterization and the value of applying geologic parameters to porosity and permeability questions to determine reservoir compartments. The problem for independent operators has been how to find the best approach for their specific reservoirs. How to determine reservoir size? Shape? Well spacing? Vertical vs. horizontal or slant drilling? When to waterflood or not? How to overcome resistivity problems? Perhaps the most asked question about reservoir characterization is, What went wrong? And what should I do next? Independent operators need short, quick answers to these questions so they can use the best available technologies in a prudent, cost-effective manner. Independents need to be aware of the vast amount of new data that is available through low-cost databases and over the Internet, the pros/cons of software packages in different price ranges, and how to select the right package for their application.

Exploration and Evaluation of Fractured Reservoirs with Emphasis on Fault-Related Fracture Systems

December 3, 2002 (Washington, PA) by PTTC's Appalachian Region

BOTTOM LINE

Understanding why and how fractures came about enables one to better predict and model their effect on fluid flow. Genetically, fractures can result from: (1) tectonic (fold- and fault-related), (2) regional (joint or cleat system), (3) contractional (chickenwire, diagenesis-related or columnar), and (4) surface-related or induced. Fractures can be open, deformed, mineral-filled or vuggy. Fractures can have both beneficial and detrimental effects. A reservoir typing system (Type I, II, III, or IV) is used to characterize flow characteristics of fractured reservoirs. Proper understanding of fractured reservoirs, as early in life as possible, can significantly reduce reservoir development costs.

PROBLEM ADDRESSED

Fractures are increasingly being recognized as contributing, even dominating, factors in reservoir flow capability. Dramatic advances have been made in defining fracture systems—the geology behind their evolution and semi-quantitative approaches for defining how they contribute to a reservoir's fluid flow capacity. Those exploring for and developing reservoirs must understand and apply these advances to better predict reservoir performance and reduce reservoir development costs.

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